Food allergy, specifically IgE-mediated food allergy, is an immune system reaction that happens when the body mistakenly treats a food protein as harmful. This type of allergy usually causes symptoms quickly (within minutes to a few hours after eating) and may include hives, swelling, vomiting, coughing, trouble breathing, or, in severe cases, anaphylaxis. This is different from food intolerances (such as lactose intolerance), which do not involve the immune system and typically cause delayed abdominal and digestive symptoms rather than allergic reactions. IgE-mediated food allergies are most commonly triggered by foods such as peanuts, tree nuts, milk, eggs, wheat, soy, fish, shellfish, and sesame seed. While they often begin in childhood, they can develop at any age.
Evaluation typically includes a detailed history along with skin testing or blood tests that look for food-specific IgE antibodies. In some cases, a medically supervised oral food challenge is recommended to confirm whether a true allergy is present or has been outgrown. Ongoing care includes regular follow-up to monitor for changes, since some food allergies, especially milk and egg, may resolve over time, while others tend to persist. Treatment focuses on strict avoidance of the problem food and having emergency medication (epinephrine) available in case of accidental exposure. For selected patients, options such as biologic therapy may help reduce the severity of reactions or prevent cross-contamination reactions, though they are not a cure. Your care team will work with you to create a personalized plan for safety, monitoring, and long-term management.
Call to Schedule an Appointment!
Lincoln: 402.464.5969 Omaha: 402.391.1800
